Number Theory Resources

Build foundational math understanding with Education.com’s collection of number theory resources for elementary and middle school students. Featuring nearly 100 printable and digital worksheets, workbooks, Guided Lessons, and interactive games, these materials help learners develop fluency in key number theory topics. All resources align with Common Core Standards and support both digital and hands-on learning styles.

As third and fourth graders begin to multiply and divide, they explore factors and multiples. They investigate how factors, multiples, and divisibility relate to one another, and this understanding builds multiplication and division fact fluency. In fourth grade, students take their understanding of factors further to determine if a given number is prime or composite. As learners advance to middle school, they are expected to find the greatest common factor, or GCF, and the least common multiple, or LCM, between two whole numbers. They also apply these skills to real-world contexts. Later on, students explore different kinds of numbers, like integers and rational numbers and irrational numbers, and how they relate to one another. Guide your students' number theory progress with our library of thoughtfully created resources, designed to meet students where they are at and take their knowledge to the next level.

Designed for teachers, parents, and students, these resources are easy to find using Education.com’s filters by topic, grade level, and resource type. This collection supports a wide range of learning goals and helps learners confidently explore the patterns and properties that form the foundation of number theory.